叶顶端板对H型风力机气动特性与三维绕流场的影响

Influence of Blade-Tip Plate on the Unsteady Aerodynamic Performance and Three-dimensional Viscous Flow of H type Vertical Axial Wind Turbine

本文采用笛卡尔动网格方法数值模拟研究了叶顶端板对H型垂直轴风力机非定常气动特性与三维黏性绕流场的影响。选用SST湍流模型,假设全流场为湍流流动。叶尖速比为1.86~2.57,以实验模型为研究对象,对未加装叶顶端板的H型风力机进行了三维数值模拟研究。在实验模型的基础上给每个叶片的顶部分别加装了端板,采用同样的数值模拟方法,选择低、中、高三个叶尖速比研究了带有叶顶端板的H型风力机的三维非定常气动特性。利用不带端板和带有端板的风力机模型计算得到的功率系数与实验数据进行了比较,讨论了单个叶片和风轮载荷沿周向的变化,分析了一个旋转周期叶顶附近相对速度的变化规律,揭示了加装端板后风力机气动载荷提高的原因。

The influence of blade-tip plate on the unsteady aerodynamic performance and threedimensional viscous flow of H type vertical axial wind turbine is numerically investigated by Cartesian grid dynamic simulation method in this paper.SST turbulence model which is assumed full flow to turbulent flow field is used.Three-dimensional numerical simulation of H type wind turbine which is an experimental model without blade-tip plate is researched with tip speed ratios from 1.86 to 2.57.Three-dimensional unsteady aerodynamic performance of H type wind turbine with blade-tip plate which is installed on the top of the experimental model blade is investigated with the same numerical simulation method in the condition of low middle high tip speed ratios.Power coefficients calculated using H type wind turbine without plate and with plate are compared with the experimental data.Variation of loads of a blade and wind turbine is investigated.Variation of the relative velocity of blade tip is analyzed.The cause of the wind turbine aerodynamic load increased after installing blade-tip plate is revealed.