不同胎龄新生儿身长体重指数研究

Study on height-weight indices in newborns of different gestational ages

目的制定不同胎龄新生儿身长体重指数,为胎儿宫内发育评价提供参考数据。方法采用横断面时间段整群抽样实况调查方法,于2005～2006年在深圳宝安区妇幼保健院完成了8 357例不同胎龄新生儿体重、身长、顶臀长、头围、胸围现场测量,用以制定不同胎龄新生儿身长体重指数。结果计算深圳不同胎龄（孕28～44周）不同性别新生儿身长体重五项指数[克托莱指数（QI）、考浦指数（KI）;劳雷尔指数（RI）;利比指数（LI）;勃洛克指数（PI）],以均数±标准差表示。结果五项身长体重指数都随胎龄增加指数值不断递增,峰值出现在孕41～43周,显示了胎儿胎龄增大人体密度和充实度不断提高。男性QI、KI和PI值高于女性（P〈0.05）。结论不同胎龄新生儿随胎龄增加人体密度和充实度不断提高,男婴充实度比女婴好。

Objective To establish height-weight indices in newborns of different gestational ages and to provide reference data for evaluation of intrauterine fetal growth. Methods The weight, height, crown-rump length, head circumference, and chest circumference of 8 357 newborns were measured in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Bao＇an District of shenzhen between 2005 and 2006, with the method of fact-finding investigation with cross-sectional cluster sampling, to establish the height-weight indices in newborns of different gestational ages. Results Five genderspecific height-weight indices（Quetelet Index, QI; Kaup Index, KI; Rohrer Index, RI; Livi Index, LI; Polock Index, PI） in newborns of different gestational ages（28-44 weeks of gestation） in three different groups（boys＋girls, boys, and girls） were established in Shenzhen, China, and were expressed as mean gestational weeks±SD. The five indices above all increased with increasing gestational age, and the highest values appeared at 41-43 gestational weeks, suggesting that body density and enrichment degree increased constantly with increasing gestational age. Three indices（QI, KI and PI） were higher in boys than in girls（P〈0.05）. Conclusions With the increasing gestational age, the body density and enrichment degree of newborns increase, and the enrichment degree in boys is better than that in girls.