基于政府基金政策的再制造闭环供应链最优决策研究

Optimal Decisions of Remanufacturing Closed-loop Supply Chain Based on the Government Fund

本文基于政府基金政策,针对由单个制造商、再制造商及零售商组成的再制造闭环供应链,构建了有、无政府基金政策的决策模型,探讨了政府基金政策所设置的环境税与回收处理补贴对再制造闭环供应链最优决策及利润的影响问题。研究表明:政府基金政策作用下,再造品的市场需求量、废旧品的回收量及再制造商的利润均增加,即政府基金政策可有效实现促进废旧品回收再制造的目标;新产品的市场需求量及制造商的利润均减少,从而能够引导制造商参与到回收再制造活动中;产品价格、供应链系统及零售商利润的增减与环境税和回收处理补贴之间的相对大小有关,即政府可通过设置合理的环境税与回收处理补贴,调节消费者、供应链系统及零售商的利益。

Aimed at remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain （CLSC） consisting of a single manufacture, remanufacturer and retailer based on the government fund, this paper constructs decentralized decision making CLSC models with or without the government fund, respectively, and discusses the impact of the environmental tax as well as recycling subsidies on the decision and profits of the CLSC models. The research shows that with the government fund, the market demand for remanufactured product, the amount of waste products recycled, and the remanufacturer＇ s profit, all of them will be on the increase. Thus, the government fund policy can achieve the goal of promoting the waste product remanufacturing effectively. The market demand for new product and the manufacture ＇ s profit both decrease, guiding manufacturers participate in the process of recycling and remanufacturing. The rise or fall in product price, and the variation of profits in supply chain system or on retail, are related to the relative ratio between environmental tax and recycling subsidies. That is, the government can regulate the interests of customers, supply chain system and retailers by setting a reasonable ratio. Conclusions above are proved by the numerical analysis.