零轨迹事故中碰撞冲量算法反求车速的研究

No-track speed reverse of vehicle collision accidents based on direction of impulse

为提高交通事故车速计算适用性及精度,针对车速计算中的滑移轨迹无法完整获取的问题,建立一种基于碰撞冲量的车速反求算法。利用冲量角度和变形能公式求得冲量大小,结合动力学方程计算车速。采取三维激光扫描技术及LS-DYNA求解器仿真分析车辆碰撞变形角度对碰撞冲量方向的影响。试验结果显示,两者存在线性关系。在仿真数据基础上,建立七元线性方程。误差分析结果表明,在一定车速范围内,该方程的角度误差可控制在6°以下。最后通过一起交通事故实例,验证冲量算法。在零轨迹下也可用冲量算法有效计算碰撞车速。

In order to improve the accuracy and applicability in the traffic accident speed reverse,and because of the complete sliding track can＇ t be supplied in modern accidents,a impact impulse-based algorithm was worked out for speed reverse of vehicle collision accident. Based on angle of impulse and the energy formula,the value of impulse can be obtained. Then the vehicle speed can be calculated on the basis of the dynamics equation. Effect of impact angle on direction of impact impulse was studied by means of3 dimensions laser scanning technology and vehicle model simulation with LS-DYNA. It was found that a linear relationship exists between the impact angle and the direction of impact impulse. An equation was worked out for the relationship between the two. The algorithm was applied to a certain traffic accident.The results show by using the algorithm,impact speed can be calculated even under no-track condition.