老年精神分裂症患者呼吸道感染危险因素分析

Risk factors for respiratory tract infections in elderly patients with schizophrenia

目的分析老年精神分裂症患者的呼吸道感染危险因素,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法回顾性分析2010年1月-2013年9月医院收治的312例精神分裂症老年患者临床资料,总结老年精神分裂症患者年龄、性别、住院天数、精神分裂症分型、药物使用、吸氧时间、合并其他疾病等相关危险因素。结果 312例精神分裂症老年患者发生医院感染28例,感染率为8.97%;其中呼吸道感染20例,感染率为71.43%,表明老年精神分裂症患者以呼吸道感染为主,是医院感染的高发疾病;年龄、长期服用精神药物、食物反流等均是精神分裂症患者发生呼吸道感染的危险因素。结论老年精神分裂症易发生在呼吸道感染,年龄、药物等危险因素值得关注,加强预防和护理可以降低感染风险。

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for respiratory tract infections in the elderly patients with schiz‐ophrenia so as to provide guidance for clinical treatment .METHODS The clinical data of 312 elderly patients with schizophrenia who were treated in the hospital from Jan 2010 to Sep 2013 were retrospectively analyzed .The relat‐ed risk factors ,including the age ,genders ,length of hospital stay ,types of schizophrenia ,use of drugs ,time of oxygen inhalation ,and complication of other diseases ,were observed .RESULTS Of 312 elderly patients with schizophrenia ,28 had infections with the infection rate of 8 .97% ,including 20 （71 .43% ） patients with respirato‐ry tract infections ,indicating that the respiratory tract infection was highly prevalent among the elderly patients with schizophrenia .The risk factors for the respiratory tract infections in the elderly patients with schizophrenia included the age ,long‐term use of psychotropic drugs ,and gastrointestinal reflux .CONCLUSION The elderly pa‐tients with schizophrenia are at high risk of respiratory tract infections .It is necessary to pay attention to the risk factors such as the age and drugs and strengthen the prevention and nursing so as to reduce the risk of the infections .