青少年心理弹性量表评估中国儿童心理弹性现状的meta分析

Mental resilience tested with the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents( RSCA) in Chinese children: A meta-analysis

目的:对目前国内使用青少年心理弹性量表(RSCA)评估儿童心理弹性的相关研究进行系统评价,了解中国儿童心理弹性现状及该领域研究现状。方法:检索中国生物医学数据库(CBM)、维普中文科技期刊数据库(VIP Database)、中国知网期刊数据库(CNKI)、万方数据在线知识服务平台(WanFang Database)四个中文数据库从建库至2014年12月发表的文献,纳入使用青少年心理弹性量表(RSCA量表)测量我国儿童心理弹性现状的研究。运用均数和标准差的统计学公式对心理弹性数据进行合并;选取RSCA量表测量数据并计算标准化均数差(SMD)及其95%可信区间(95%CI),运用Review Manager5.2软件对儿童内部的差异性进行meta分析。结果:最终纳入39项研究共计16 493名儿,RSCA量表心理弹性总均分为(3.3±0.6),处于良好心理弹性水平。Meta分析结果显示,女童、非留守儿童、城市儿童、汉族儿童和独生子女的心理弹性总均分分别高于男童[SMD(95%CI):0.09(-0.14^-0.05),P<0.05]、留守儿童[SM D(95%CI):-0.37(-0.56^-0.19)]、农村儿童[SM D(95%CI):0.26(0.13~0.38)]、少数民族儿童[SMD(95%CI):0.12(0.04~0.21)]和非独生子女[SMD(95%CI):0.30(0.16~0.44)]。结论:目前中国儿童的整体心理弹性水平良好,但不同群体儿童的心理弹性存在差异。

Objective： To synthesize the mental resilience of Chinese children tested with the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents（ RSCA） to evaluate its status as well as the research status. Methods： Four Chinese electronic databases including China Biology Medicine disc（ CBM）,VIP Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure（ CNKI） and Wang Fang Database were searched from database established to December 2014. Literatures that reported the mental resilience status of Chinese children tested with RSCA were included. A statistical formula was used to synthesize means and standard deviations to get a total score; the standard mean difference（ SMD） and95% confidence interval（ 95% CI） of scores measured with RSCA scale were used to conduct meta-analyses usingthe software of ReviewManager 5. 2 for comparison between different subgroups. Results： Thirty-nine studies with16 493 children were included for the final analysis. Quantitative synthesis results showed that the average total score of Chinese children was（ 3. 3 0. 6）. The status of psychological resilience was at a good level. The average psychological resilience scores of girls, not left-behind children, urban children, Han children and not-only-child were higher than those of boys [SMD（ 95% CI） ：- 0. 09（- 0. 14-- 0. 05） ],left-behind children [SMD（ 95%CI） ：- 0. 37（- 0. 56-- 0. 19） ],rural children [SMD（ 95% CI） ： 0. 26（ 0. 13- 0. 38） ],minority children [SMD（ 95% CI） ： 0. 12（ 0. 04- 0. 21） ] and only-children [SMD（ 95% CI） ： 0. 30（ 0. 16- 0. 44） ] respectively. Conclusion：The mental resilience of Chinese children is modest with internal diversity.