健康村创建活动对农村居民健康行为影响分析

Impact of construction activities of healthy village on rural residents' health behavior

目的:探讨黑龙江农村地区健康村建设活动干预下,农村居民健康知识知晓情况、健康行为情况和健康教育传播情况,并探讨影响健康行为养成的因素。方法:选取黑龙江省"世行贷款/英国赠款中国农村卫生发展项目"4县9个健康村以及6个对照村进行实地的问卷调查,运用一般性描述分析、卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归分析对调查的样本进行分析。结果:经过分析,健康村的健康知晓情况好于对照村(χ~2=14.461,P<0.05),健康行为情况也好于对照村(χ~2=38.879,P<0.05);经过卡方检验,女性、30岁以下年龄组、健康村组、重视健康组和健康知识知晓率较高组的健康行为较好(χ~2=69.758、13.616、38.879、6.370、6.085,P均<0.05);回归结果显示,健康行为的影响因素为性别(OR=0.346)、年龄(OR=1.335)、是否为健康村(OR=2.172)、健康信念(OR=1.385)。结论:黑龙江省健康村创建活动取得了一定的成效,居民健康知识和行为得到改善,性别、年龄、健康村创建和健康信念对健康行为的形成有影响,应推广健康村创建工作。

Objective To analyze the awareness rate of health knowledge, health behavior and health education com- munication of rural residents under the construction activities of health village in rural areas of Heilongjiang province, and to discuss the influencing factors of the formation of health behavior. Methods A questionnaire survey was conduc- ted among 9 healthy villages and 6 control villages in 4 counties of ＂Chinese rural health development project of WB/ DFID＂. Data were analyzed using general descriptive analysis, Chi-- square test and multivariate Logistic regression a- nalysis. Results The awareness rate of health knowledge of health village was higher than the control village（^（2 = 14. 461 ,P^0.05）. So was healthy behavior. Chi--square test showed that females, people under 30 years old, healthy vil- lage group,group who paid more attention to their health and group who had higher awareness of health knowledge were more likely to have a better health behavior（^（2 = 69. 758,13. 616,38. 879,6. 370,6. 085,respectively,P^0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of health hehavior formation were gender （OR=0. 346） ,age（OR= 1. 335） ,health village or not（OR= 2. 172）, health belief（OR= 1. 385）. ConclusionsThe con- struction activities of healthy village in Heilongjiang province have achieved its targeted objectives. Health knowledge and behavior of residents living in healthy village are improved. Gender, age, the construction of healthy village and health belief influence the formation of health behavior of residents. The construction work of healthy village in Hei- longjiang province is worthy of promotion.