侧翻安全性的校车侧围结构轻量化设计

Lightweight Design of School Bus Side Structure for Rollover Safety

根据《客车上部结构强度的规定》对校车车身结构侧翻安全性的规定,建立和验证某校车有限元分析模型.采用均匀设计方法对校车的侧围结构厚度参数进行多水平多因素实验设计和侧翻仿真分析,并拟合实验设计数据获得轻量化水平较优的因素水平组合.结果表明:在侧围结构满足法规对生存空间要求的前提下,选择因素水平组合U2465并参考实际型钢的厚度规格(1(1.0,1.0),2(2.0,1.5),3(3.0,2.0),4(2.5,2.0)),可使侧身结构质量轻量化24.39%.

According to the requirement of the rollover safety for school bus in the provisions of strength for the bus su- perstructure. A school bus finite element model was developed and validated. The uniform design experiment method was adopted for optimizing thickness parameter of the lateral confining structure using multi-level and multi-factor experiment design and rollover simulations. The optimum levels of the factors for light weighting was obtained by fitting the experi- mental data. The optimization result shows that under the premise of the lateral confining structure meeting the regulato- ry requirements on the living space, the weight of body structure was decreased by 24. 39% by choosing U2465 factor level combination group and referring to the actual type of steel thickness specifications （namely. 1（1.0, 1.0）, 2（2. 0, 1.5）, 3（3. 0, 2. 0）, 4（2. 5, 2.0） unit： mm）.