水稻“山”型配方施肥技术效应

Effect of Rice 'Mountain' Type of Formula Fertilization

[目的]为了探索水稻高产高效施肥技术。[方法]通过多年试验研究和生产实践,总结出水稻"山"型配方施肥技术。[结果]该技术特点是氮肥在水稻基肥、分蘖肥、穗肥的分配比例为30%、40%~50%、20%~30%,呈"山"字型分布,穗肥要求在水稻幼穗分化期1~2期施下。应用该施肥技术能减少无效分蘖,提高成穗率,增加实粒数,提高结实率,增加千粒重,提高水稻产量。[结论]与习惯施肥相比,水稻"山"型配方施肥产量增长9.02%~12.4%,节本增效2 095.8~2 649.3元/hm^2。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to explore the application technology of high yield rice. [ Method ] On the basis of the test and production practice for many years, the rice ‘mountain＇ type of fertilization techniques were summed up.[ Result ] The technical characteris- tics of nitrogen fertilizer in rice basal, tillering, panicle distribution ratio were 30% , 40% - 50% and 20% - 30% , showing ‘ mountain＇ type distribution requirements in rice panicle initiation stage 1-2. Fertilizer application of the technology could reduce ineffective tillers, increase spike rate, filled grains and seed rate, grain weight and rice yields. [ Conclusion ] Compared with conventional fertilization, rice ‘mountain＇ type fertilizer production increased by 9.02% - 12.4% , and the efficiency of the section was 2 095.8 - 2 649.3 yuan/hm2.