宁夏沙坡头自然保护区生态系统健康评价

Evaluation of the Ecosystem Health of the Ningxia Shapotou Nature Reserve

沙坡头国家级自然保护区是我国荒漠自然保护区的重要示范点,其生态环境脆弱,土地利用相对复杂.以2005、2010和2013年土地利用变更数据和相关统计资料为主要数据源,利用生态绿当量、土地利用结构指数、生态系统价值,分别评价沙坡头自然保护区土地利用结构合理性、土地利用结构变化以及生态系统健康.结果表明,2005 ～ 2013年沙坡头自然保护区生态绿当量大于1,土地利用结构合理,立体绿化效果不断提升;多样性指数和均匀度指数不断增加,优势度指数不断减少,表明保护区土地利用趋于多样化和平均化,生态系统越来越稳定;沙坡头自然保护区的相对生态价值在研究时段有所提升,生态健康状况已转向健康型.

The Ningxia Shapotou Nature Reserve is typical in desert ecosystem. Its ecosystem is fragile and can be easily disturbed by human activities. Based on the land use data of Shapotou Nature Reserve in 2005, 2010 and 2013, ecological green equivalent, land use structure correlation index and relative ecological value were calculated in this paper to assess the rationality of land use structure, the change of land use structure and the regional ecological health. The results indicated that ecological green equivalent is above 1 from 2005 to 2013, the land use structure is reasonable, at same time stereoscopic green effect is increasing; during the period the diversity index and evenness index are increasing, the dominance index is decreasing, it＇s meaning that the land use tends to diversity and average; the regional relative ecological value continuous increasing, the situation of regional ecological health has become better.