傈僳语系词的语法化

On the Grammaticalization of Copula in Lisu Language

傈僳语的ɑ33既是系词又有语气词的用法,前者在判断句中强调判断的确定性,后者更广泛地表达说话人的确定口气。这种语法多功能性表明ɑ33处于从系词到语气词的语法化链条中,其机制是句法结构的重新分析和情态表达功能的扩展。ɑ33代表了系词语法化的一种类型学新路径。

ηα^33 in Lisu language is a copula as well as a modal particle. The former emphasizes the certainty of the judgment, while the latter expresses the speakerg tone of certainty in a more general way. The multi-functions show that ηα^33 is in the grammaticalization chain from copula to modal particle, which involves the mechanism of reanalysis of the underlying structure and the extension of modality expression. The grammaticalization of ηα^33 indicates a new evolution path of copula in typology.