新疆绿豆黄萎病病原菌鉴定

Identification of the Pathogen Causing Mung Bean Verticillium wilt in Xinjiang

【目的】自2013年以来,在石河子大学农学院试验站和142团良种连田间的绿豆上,常出现一种叶片褪绿,变黄,萎蔫,后期枯死的病害,剖秆检查其维管束变成褐色,查明其病原种类并鉴定。【方法】采用常规组织分离法对病组织进行分离、纯化获得单孢纯培养菌株,通过常规纸钵撕底沾根法接种明确分离菌株的致病性,用形态学和分子生物学方法对病原菌进行鉴定。【结果】经常规形态学鉴定,该菌的菌落形态、分生孢子梗和分生孢子的形态都与报道的大丽轮枝菌一致,经分子生物学鉴定,该菌的同源性与中国棉花黄萎病菌Verticilliu m dahliae(登录号EU835817.1)序列同源性最高,达99.58%。故将其鉴定为V.dahliae。【结论】在石河子地区绿豆上所发生的叶片褪绿,变黄,萎蔫,维管束变色,后期枯死的病害是由大丽轮枝菌所引起的绿豆黄萎病。黄萎病是一种典型的土传病害,在黄萎病重病田轮作倒茬时不要种植绿豆,以免引起毁灭性的损失。

【Objective】Since 2013,a disease of chlorosis,yellowing,wilting of leaves,and dying late was observed on mung bean in plantation of experiment station of agricultural college of Shihezi university and the 142 th farm regiment in Xinjiang,Vascular discoloration was observed when plants were dissected,and it was suspected a Verticillium wilt. In order to find out the pathogenic species,the identification was conducted.【Method】Tissue isolation was used to isolate mung bean Verticillium wilt diseased plant samples and obtain pure culture strains,paper pots tear bottom dipping root methods were used to definitude pathogenicity of the isolations,morphological and molecular methods were used to identify the isolations.【Result】Colony morphology,conidiophores and conidia of the isolates with the reported Verticillium dahliae was consistent,molecular biology identification showed sequence up to 99. 58% homology with that of a China isolate of V. dahliae（ EU835817. 1）.【Conclusion】Disease of chlorosis,yellowing,wilting of leaves,vascular discoloration and dying late occurred on mung bean in Shihezi area is mung bean Verticillium wilt by V. dahliae. Because Verticillium wilt is a typical soil- borne disease,mung bean should be avoided in the rotation crop field with Verticillium wilt to shun off losses.