Orem自理模式在儿童支气管哮喘护理中的应用

Application of Orem’ s self-care model for asthmatic children

目的：探讨Orem自理模式在儿童支气管哮喘护理中的应用。方法将120例哮喘患儿随机分为实验组和对照组，对照组患者采用常规的健康教育，实验组哮喘患儿采用个体化自护教育，实验组家访8次，对照组家访2次。结果首次和末次家访中，实验组患儿5种自我护理技能：正确使用药物、PEF仪，坚持每日计划表，应用哮喘行动计划以及避免哮喘诱因显著提高。对照组自我护理技能没有明显改变。结论 Orem自理模式可以提高哮喘患儿自我护理技能。

Objective To investigate the application of Orem’ s self-care model in the self-care of children with asthma. Methods 120 children with asthma were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The patients in the control group received routine nursing. The patients in the experimental group received self-care education which included improvement of self-care ability, self-care responsibility and health knowledge. Patients in the experimental group were visited in their homes eight times and those in the control group were visited two times. Results The Orem＇s self-care skills of medicine usage, peak expiratory flow meter usage, applying an asthma action plan, keeping a daily follow-up schedule, and protecting against triggering factors differed significantly between the first and last visits in the experimental group, whereas the self-care skills of adolescents in the control group did not change. Conclusion Applying Orem’ s self-care model can increase the self-care skills of children with asthma.