重组酶聚合酶扩增技术的研究进展

Advances in recombinase polymerase amplification

重组酶聚合酶扩增技术（recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA）,是Piepenburg等于2006年首先提出的一种新型的恒温核酸扩增技术,其最显著的优势就是可在25~43℃的恒温下实现特定核酸序列的扩增,且能在5~20 min观察结果。RPA技术设备要求低,扩增过程不仅可采用传统的反应管,还可在纸片等反应载体上进行。通过结合探针或横向流动试纸条（LFD）等方法,可实现扩增产物的定量分析或可视化判别。RPA作为一种操作简便、反应快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、无需精密仪器的检测技术,是目前最有潜力成为快速分子诊断的工具,其在床旁诊断及防疫现场检测中都具有良好的应用前景。该文介绍了RPA技术在反应条件、产物检测等方面的优势及发展,总结了此技术近几年在实际应用中的情况,展望了RPA技术在床旁诊断及疾病防控中的未来方向。

Recombinase polymerase amplification （RPA） is a novel isothermal DNA amplification technology first re- ported in 2006 by Piepenburg et al. This technology has been shown to typically work at temperatures ranging from 25 to 43℃ and can detect products within 5 -20 min. RPA technology requires little instrumentation for the nucleic acid amplifi- cation reaction and can be performed not only in PCR tubes, but also in simple devices＇ such as paper. Combined with probe-based detection methods or lateral flow dipstick assay, it can perform quantitative or visual detection respectively. RPA is a technology that is potentially ideal for point-of-care diagnosis and disease prevention and control, characterized by high sensitivity, high efficiency, high specificity and user-friendliness. This paper introduces the advantages and develop- ment of RPA technology in reaction conditions and product detection, summarizes the current applications of this technology, and predicts the trend of application of RPA technology in point-of-care diagnosis and disease prevention and control.