伊犁马泌乳性能遗传参数及育种值估计的研究

Research on the Lactation Performance Genetic Parameter Estimation and Estimated Breeding Values of Yili Horses

【目的】以伊犁州昭苏马场的伊犁马为研究对象,收集伊犁马种公马后代母马的泌乳记录,并对其乳成分(乳糖、乳蛋白、乳脂、非脂固形物、体细胞数)进行测定,通过种公马后裔的泌乳资料估计种公马的育种值。【方法】采用SAS 8.1统计分析软件GLM过程对固定效应进行划分,采用MTDFREML2000f软件估计伊犁马的产奶量、乳成分的遗传参数,利用动物模型Blup估计伊犁种公马的育种值。【结果】伊犁马150 d产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、乳糖率、非脂固形物、体细胞数的遗传力分别为:0.34、0.12、0.26、0.14、0.20、0.27;产奶量育种值、乳脂率育种值、乳糖率育种值和体细胞数育种值最高的均为18号种公马;乳蛋白率育种值最高的为1号种公马;非脂固形物育种值最高的为2号种公马;6匹种公马中18号种公马综合育种值最高为48.936;其次是2号种公马,综合育种值为42.068;综合育种值最低的是1号种公马仅为17.335。【结论】伊犁马产奶量的遗传力较高,属于中等偏上的遗传力,乳蛋白的遗传力属于中等遗传力,乳脂率、乳糖率的遗传力偏低;根据动物育种学估计原理建立了评定伊犁马种公马的综合育种值模型,为后期伊犁马的产奶性能的科学选育提供前期基础。

【Objective】This article used the six stallions offspring mare of Yili Zhaosu field for the study,collected stallions lactation records and their offspring milk components which are to be measured to estimate breeding values of stallions by offspring＇s lactation data.【Method】To divide the fixed effects used SAS 8. 1statistical analysis software GLM procedure,used the model Blup to estimate breeding values of yili stallion（ such as milk fat,milk protein,lactose rate,non- fat solids and somatic cell count） as well as the genetic parameters and breeding values of offspring by MTDFREML 2000 f software.【Result】The heritability of Yili horse in 150 days milk yield,milk fat,milk protein,lactose rate,non- fat solids,body cell counts were 0. 34,0. 12,0. 26,0. 14,0. 20 and 0. 27; The highest milk breeding value,the highest breeding value of milk fat,the highest breeding value of lactose rate and the highest breeding values of body cells among these samples were the No. 18 stallion; the highest breeding values for milk protein percentage was the No 1 stallion; the highest breeding values for lactose is No 18 stallion; the highest integrated breeding value of six horses tallions is No.18 stallion for 48. 936; followed by the No. 2 stallion,The integrated breeding value was 42. 068; The integrated breeding value is the lowest on the No. 1 stallion,only 17. 335.【Conclusion】The study found milk yield heritability of Yili horse was high,which belonged to the middle on the heritability,heritability of milk protein was moderate,low heritability of milk fat and lactose rate; According to the principles of animal breeding estimation,the comprehensive breeding value model of Yili horse stallions was established,which provided an initial basis for the later scientific breeding of Yili horses milk performance.