某核电站放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核率跟踪研究

A follo w-up study on micronuclei of peripheral blood lymphocytes of the radiation workers in a nuclear power plant

目的分析某核电站放射工作人员的职业健康损害情况,为评价放射卫生防护工作提供依据。方法对某核电站放射工作人员进行连续5年(2010—2014年)外周血淋巴细胞微核率检测。比较不同年份、不同工龄放射工作人员外周血淋巴细胞微核率的变化情况。结果该核电站1 822名放射工作人员总的微核率为0.09%,总的微核异常检出率为1.01%。各年度微核率、微核异常检出率均呈现逐年下降趋势(趋势χ2=125.89、15.77,P<0.01)。未发现微核率、微核异常检出率随工龄增大而增高的趋势(趋势χ2=3.67、3.89,P>0.05),但各工龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=275.58、27.09,P均<0.01)。结论外周血淋巴细胞微核率明显高于国外报告数据,应加强对放射工作人员的防护。

Objective To observe whether current exposure to radiation caused health damage of radiation workers in a nuclear power plant. Methods The data of micronuclei of peripheral blood lymphocytes of 1 822 radiation workers from 2010 to 2014 were evaluated. Results The mean number of micronucleus per 1 000 cells varied from 0.51 to 1.33 during these 5 years with average of 0.9. The abnormality varied from 0.22% to 1.70% with the average of 1.01%. There was a trend that both number of microuucleus and abnormality gradually decreased along with time （X2 = 125.89, 15.77,P 〈 0.01 ）, but no significant increasing trend of abnormality was noted among different radiation workers with increasing exposure time （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The figures of micronuclei of peripheral blood lymphocytes were relative higher compared with foreign reports. More attention should be given to these radiation workers in this nuclear power plant.