从二次资源中回收铟的研究现状

Status of Indium Recovery from Secondary Resources

稀散金属铟及其化合物由于具有独特的物理化学性能在电子通讯、国防军事、能源医药等重要领域得到广泛应用。伴随着市场对铟的需求剧增,一次富铟资源逐步走向枯竭,从二次资源中富集回收铟的技术越来越受到关注。本文简介了铟在铅锌锡等生产中的行为走向,概述了从冶炼渣、废LCD、废ITO靶材等二次资源中富集回收铟的不同方法并总结其优缺点,指出了加压氧浸、微波助浸等绿色强化浸出法以及超临界流体萃取、膜分离等清洁高效分离方法是未来富集铟的发展方向。

Indium and its compounds, due to their unique physic-chemical properties, have been widely used in many fields such as electronic communication, defense and military, energy and medicine. With the increase of market demand for indium, the primary indium-rich resources are drying up gradually. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the recovery of indium from secondary resources. A brief introduction was made to the behavior of indium during manufacturing lead, zinc and tin. A description of different methods for recovering indium from various secondary resources such as slags, waste LCDs and waste ITO scraps was made as well as a summary of the advantages and disadvantages of the methods. It is indicated that the cleaner leaching methods such as oxygen pressure leaching and microwave acid leaching and the efficient separation methods such as supercritical fluid extraction and membrane separation will be taken as the development direction of indium enrichment in the future.