产能过剩与环境治理双赢的动力机制研究——基于生产侧与消费侧的产能利用率分解

Research on the Win-Win Dynamic Mechanism of Excess Capacity and Environmental Governance——Based on the Capacity Utilization Rate Decomposition of Production Side and Consumption Side

环境约束与产能过剩是当前我国经济面临的两个主要难题,本文就强化环境规制与降低产能过剩之间的关系进行了讨论。我们首先将中国工业行业产能利用率在生产侧与消费侧进行分解,测算了产能过剩指数,之后采用可以有效控制内生性问题的系统广义矩估计(GMM)方法考察了环境规制强度及其他因素对产能过剩的影响程度。我们发现:由于生产侧技术效率损失与消费侧供大于求,中国工业部门产能过剩现象普遍存在。在控制了相关因素之后,环境规制强度的增加可以明显的缓解产能过剩程度。环境治理与产能消化在政策路径上效果一致,因此政府应该加大环境治理强度,将环境污染纳入企业生产成本通过市场机制淘汰落后产能。

Environmental constraint and excess capacity are two main problems faced by current Chinese economy. This paper discusses the relationship between strengthening environmental regulation and reducing excess capacity. Firstly,we decompose the capacity utilization rate of Chinese industrial sector into production side and consumption side and measures capacity excess index. Then,we examine the degree of effects of environmental regulation strength and other factors on excess capacity by using GMM that can effectively control endogenous problems. We find: because of the technology efficiency loss of production side and the oversupply of consumption side,the phenomenon excess capacity generally exists in Chinese industrial sector. After controlling the relevant factors,the rise of environmental governance strength can clearly relieve excess capacity degree. Environmental governance and capacity consumption have the same effects in the aspect of policy route. Therefore,the government should intensify environmental governance,put environmental pollution into the production cost of enterprises and phase out backward capacity.