经济新常态下企业创新环境的优化和改革

The Optimization and reform of Enterprises' Innovation Environment under the New Normal

新常态下,经济面临结构性减速,消费、投资和出口增长进一步放缓。这些新环境能否迫使企业从依靠投资转而向依靠创新发展?"低成本"创新是中国改革开放30年来企业主要的创新模式,但是由于近年要素价格上升,劳动力成本不再具有优势,而且国内技术前沿接近发达国家水平,模仿和山寨式创新难以维持,需要营造企业自主创新环境。本文针对目前阻碍自主创新的金融市场、产权制度、知识产权保护以及政府管制等环境进行分析,并进一步从抓新机遇、推动国有企业改革、政府"负面清单"管理以及培育互联网领先市场角度给出了促进企业创新的政策建议。

Under the new normal,the economy faces structural deceleration and the growth of consumption,investment and export slow down. Can these new environments urge enterprises to turn to relying on innovative development instead of relying on investment? 'Low cost'innovation has been the main innovation model for 30 years since Chinese reform and opening up. But because the prices of factors rise in recent years,the cost of labor no longer has advantages and domestic technology frontier is close to the level of developed countries so it is hard for simulated and copied innovations to maintain and enterprises' independent innovation environment needs to be created.This paper analyzes the environments that hinder independent innovation including financial market,property right system,intellectual property right protection and governmental governance and puts forward the policy suggestions to promote enterprises' innovation from the perspective of grasping the new opportunities,promoting SOE reform,managing government's 'negative list'and breeding the leading market of Internet.