道德金律与道德原则关系研究

The Relationship between the Golden Rule of Morality and Moral Principles

道德金律是道德原则,是最珍贵、最高级别的道德原则。"己所不欲,勿施于人"和"你们愿意人怎样待你,你们也要怎样待人"等传统的所谓"道德金律"有很大的局限性,共同缺陷是都以自己为参照系。社会主义道德的基本原则是利他。此论具有本质性直接性——直接触及道德的本质;全面性涵盖性,可以涵盖家庭美德、职业道德、社会公德和个人品德等"四德"建设的所有领域;否定性超越性,用利他原则否定集体主义原则,理论的创新就是某种超越。利他就是新的道德金律,即最高、最重要的道德原则,也就是道德的基本原则。

The golden rule means the moral principles, the most precious and the highest level of moral principles. However, the traditional golden rules as ＂Don＇ t do unto others what you don＇ t want others do unto you＂ ; and ＂Treat others as you want to be treated＂ are strongly restrictive. They share a common limitation that they all consider in reference only to themselves. The basic rule of socialist moral system is altruism. This theory has following characteristics of essence and directness-it directly touches the essence of morality, of comprehensiveness and whole coverage-it contains all the areas of the construction of ＂four moralities＂ as family virtues, professional ethics, public ethics and personal ethics, of negativity and transcendency, denying collectivism principles with altruism is a theoretical innovation, which makes transcendency in a certain way. Altruism is the new golden rule, as the highest moral principle, which is the basic rule of morality.