福柯微观权力说对加尔通和平思想的影响

A Tribute to Foucault——A Brief Analysis of the Influence of Foucault's Micro Power Theory on Galtung's Peace Theory

约翰·加尔通被称为"和平学之父",是和平学的领军人物和集大成者。加尔通作为一个西方人,多年在欧洲、美国等地研究执教,所受西方文化的熏陶不言而喻,其中福柯对其影响可谓深远。加尔通继承了福柯的批判精神,对资本主义所带来的"现代性"进行反思,发现其中潜在的暴力因素;并在福柯所提出的"微观权力""知识规训"等理念的引导和启发下提出"结构暴力"与"文化暴力"的概念,推进了和平学的发展与研究。了解加尔通和平思想中的福柯元素有助于对加尔通和平思想的整体把握。

Johan Gahung, generally known as the Father of Peace Study, always takes the leading position in that field and is the epitomizer of it. It is he that develops the concepts of Active Peace and Negative Peace from the original idea of Peace and moves forward to the ideas of Constructive Violence and Cultural Violence, estabhshing the basis of analysis and theoretical paradigm, thus spelling the independent discipline of Peace Study. As a west- erner, Galtung taught in parts of Europe and the USA for many years. He was influenced by the western culture, to which Foucauh contributes a lot. The research on Foucauh＇ s influence on Gahung helps obtain a better knowledge of Galtung＇ s Peace Theory.