韩愈“以文为诗”现象的文类学考察

Investigation on the Phenomenon of Han Yu's "Essay-oriented Poetry" by Theory of Literary Genre

从文类学角度,重新考察韩愈"以文为诗"这一经典文类现象,揭橥"韩诗"这一文类由萌芽到发展再至成熟的生命历程。萌芽期,韩愈心中文类理想"文"高于"诗"所催生的"以文为诗"现象正是对"诗""文"固有文类等级的越级挑战;发展期,在"诗""文"界限显现的情况下,后世读者和批评家才对韩诗做出"以文为诗"这一诗歌写作技巧和风格特征的理论总结,并进一步促进"韩诗"文类走向独立;成熟期,"以文为诗"作为文类的命名和创新,推动"韩诗"作为新的文类走向成熟,走向经典化。

From the theory of Literary Genre, " Essay-oriented Poetry" as the phenomenon of classic genre can be reviewed again and Han's poetry as a new genre,its life course that is sprouting period,developing period and maturing period respectively also can be revealed. In its sprouting period,the ideal hierarchies of literary genre in Han Yu's mind that " essay" overtops " poetry" drived Han Yu compose essay-oriented poetry. This composition action did challenge the traditional hierarchies between " essay" and " poetry". In its developing period, " essay-oriented poetry" as literary theory concerning writing skills and style had been summarized by later readers and critics only under condition of the boundaries between " poetry" and " essay" became unambiguous,by which Han' s poetry became independent. In its maturing period,the mature and classic process of Han's poetry were facilitated through the action of " Essay-oriented Poetry" as the name and innovation of literary genre.