突发性聋住院患者焦虑抑郁状况分析

Psychological disorders in patients with sudden deafness

目的对突发性聋患者焦虑抑郁状况及影响因素进行分析。方法收集突聋患者93例,采用焦虑(SAS)和抑郁(SDS)自评量表对突聋患者进行评价,并应用THI耳鸣残疾评估量表和耳鸣评估量表进行耳鸣评估,分析突聋患者患病后焦虑抑郁状态和造成这种心理状态的原因及对疗效的影响。结果 1.焦虑抑郁和性别、年龄、城乡差异、发病天数、听力损失程度无关,P>0.05,无统计学意义。2.突聋组SAS评分(47.07±9.64),正常组评分(37.70±9.21)相比较,P=0.00<0.05,差异有统计学意义,和中耳炎组评分(40.70±9.18)比较,P=0.00<0.05,差异有统计学意义;突聋组SDS评分(51.92±11.22),正常组评分(41.82±8.26)相比较,P=0.00<0.05差异有统计学意义,和中耳炎组评分(42.14±8.02)比较,P=0.00<0.05,差异有统计学意义。耳鸣和焦虑抑郁之间存在相关性,P=0.00<0.05差异有统计学意义。3.焦虑抑郁和眩晕、耳闷无关,P>0.05,无统计学意义。4.突聋患者中有焦虑抑郁组耳鸣量表和THI各维度评分均高于无焦虑抑郁组P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。5.治疗后的总有效率有焦虑组为16.1%,无焦虑组为31.2%,P>0.05,无统计学差异;总有效率有抑郁组为15.0%,无抑郁组为32.3%,P<0.05,有统计学差异。结论突聋患者心理健康状况较差,主要原因是耳鸣,并且抑郁的心理状态会影响疗效,需要对患者进行及时心理疏导。

Objective To report psychological disorders among patients with sudden hearing loss and their possible causes. Methods Data from 93 patients with sudden hearing loss were collected. Psychological status was evaluated with SAS and SDS. The THI was used for tinnitus evaluation. Correlations between tinnitus and psychological status and influencing factors on treatment outcomes were analyzed. Results 1） There were no relations between anxiety/depression and the general condition of the patient. 2） SAS and SDS scores were different among normal controls, patients with otitis media and those with sudden deafness. 3） There were no relations between psychological disorders and vertigo or ear fullness. 4） Tinnitus evaluation results were different between patients with anxiety/depression and those without. 5） Treatment outcomes were different when compared between patients with depression and those without depression. Conclusions Compared with normal people, psychological disorders are more common among patients with sudden deafness and the main cause appears to be tinnitus. Depression can affect treatment outcomes in these patients, and psychological intervention is important.