西方“话语机会结构”理论述评

Review of Theory of Discursive Opportunity Structure

产生于20世纪90年代末的话语机会结构理论,是基于对社会运动的政治机会结构理论和框架化理论的批判和整合而形成的一种新理论,重在强调话语框架取得成功的社会文化因素。近年来,话语机会结构理论在西方学者的经验研究中得到了广泛运用,在国内却较少受到研究者的关注。本文对话语机会结构理论的衍生历程、研究现状和发展趋势等问题进行系统梳理,以拓展我们对社会运动理论的认识。

Theory of discursive opportunity structure which arises in the late 1990s is based on criticism and integration of political opportunity structure theory and framing theory in the field of social movements. It focuses on social and cultural factors influencing the success of framing. In recent years, theory of discursive opportunity structure has been widely used in the empirical study in western countries, but got less attention by researchers in China. This paper describes issues of the development and research status of discursive opportunity structure theory, so as to expand our understanding of social movement theory.