连铸过程中方坯脱方的原因与预防措施的研究

Study on reasons and preventive measures for billet rhomboidity during continuous casting process

铸坯脱方是指连铸方坯和矩形坯4个角不成直角,铸坯断面形状变为平行四边形、梯形或菱形,是小方坯连铸过程中常见的质量缺陷。一般认为,结晶器和二冷段前区冷却不均匀是脱方的主要原因,所有可能导致冷却不均匀的因素如结晶器严重磨损、结晶器振动偏摆、二冷喷淋管偏斜、二冷喷嘴堵塞等等都可能是其诱因。针对连铸生产过程中的方坯脱方问题,从工艺、设备、操作等方面进行了分析,提出了预防方坯连铸脱方问题的相关措施和方法。

Billet rhomboidity, an ordinary quality problem during continuous casting process, refers to that the four angles of billet or rectangular billet is not right angles and the billet shape is parallelogram,trapezoid or rhombus. Generally, it is found that non-uniform mold and secondary cooling might be the main reason for rhomboidity. All the possible factors leading to non- uniform cooling may be the inducements, such as serious wearing and oscillation deflection of the mold, spray pipe deflection and nozzle clogging of secondary cooling. Considering the billet rhomboidity during continuous casting process, some treatments and measures were proposed by analyzing the process, equipment and operation.