三级康复治疗对精神运动发育迟缓患儿康复的影响

A clinical analysis of the three-stage rehabilitation of children with retarded mental and motor development

目的探讨三级康复治疗对精神运动发育迟缓患儿神经功能缺损、运动功能及生存质量的影响。方法选取精神运动发育迟缓患儿60例，按照随机数字表法将其分为三级康复治疗组和一级康复对照组，每组30例。2组患儿均接受综合医院一级康复治疗，三级康复治疗组在此基础上到基层医院康复中心延续二级康复治疗，此后在社区或家庭继续进行三级康复治疗，一级康复对照组因家庭经济原因中断二级及三级康复治疗。康复治疗前及治疗12个月后（治疗后），对2组患儿贝利婴幼儿发展量表（BSID）中的智力发展指数（MDI）及精神运动发展指数（PDI）的平均值和平均增长值进行比较。结果治疗前，2组患儿MDI、PDI之间比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。治疗后，2组患儿MDI、PDI均较组内治疗前有所改善（P〈0．05）。与一级康复对照组治疗后比较，三级康复治疗组治疗后MDI[（94．43±18．32）分]、PDI[（84．92±15．61）分]较为优异（P〈0．05）。与一级康复对照组比较，三级康复治疗组治疗后MDI[（16．11±6．14）分]及PDI[（23．1±4．94）分]增加值较高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论规范化三级康复治疗是促进精神运动发育迟缓患儿康复的重要手段之一，在改善精神运动发育迟缓患儿生存质量方面有积极意义，值得临床应用、推广。

Objective To assess the effect of tertiary rehabilitation treatment on the mobility and quality of life of children with nerve function defects causing psychomotor retardation. Methods Sixty children with psychomotor retardation were divided into a tertiary rehabilitation group and a control group with 30 cases in each. All had received comprehensive rehabilitation in hospitals, but the tertiary rehabilitation group continued rehabilitation in their communities. All were evaluated before the experiment and after 12 months using Bailey＇s infant development scale （BSID） , a mental development index （MDI） and a psychomotor development index （PDI）. Results There were significant improvements in the average MDI and PDI results of both groups after the year of treatment, but the average increase of those who had received treatment in the community was significantly greater. Conclusions Tertiary rehabilitation promotes better psychomotor functioning among mentally retarded children, significantly improving their quality of life. It is worthy of wider application and promotion.