情绪的跨文化普遍性与差异性——对教育实践的启示

Universalities and Cultural Differences in Cross-cultural Emotions

情绪的普遍性和差异性一直是情绪跨文化研究争论的问题。早期的研究者将情绪视为一种生物现象,认为它具有跨文化的普遍性。近来越来越多的研究表明作为高级社会心理功能的情绪受社会文化的影响,情绪识别的异族效应和情绪调节的文化特异性都是情绪跨文化差异的显著表现。在教育情境下也存在情绪体验和情绪表达的文化差异,教育工作者应充分认识到文化环境对情绪行为及人格的塑造作用,做好微观文化环境建设,并结合当前中国社会的多元化文化格局,做好学生的情绪品质塑造工作。

It has long been argued that whether emotions are universal or culturally specific. Earlier researchers regarded emotion as a biological phenomenon which was cross-culturally universal. However, a growing number of studies documented evidences for the influence of culture on emotion perception and on emotion-regulating strategies. There are also cultural differences of emotion experience and emotion expression in educational contexts. Educators should fully understand the role of cultural environment in the shaping of emotional behaviors and personality, combined with the diversified cultural pattern of current Chinese society, try to improve the construction of micro cultural environment so as to improve the emotional quality of students.