气象高空报文质量监控评估方法研究与应用

Method for Quality Monitoring Controlling and Evaluating of Radiosonde Meteorological Data

高空报文的质量监控和评估工作对高空气象观测的研究具有重要影响,是气象科技人员迫切需要解决的重要问题。本文介绍了报文质量研究方法,对报文资料的完整性、时效性、准确性进行检验,从报文原始数据进行质量监控;依据国家气象中心初估场对各高空站每月各要素分别进行平均偏差和标准差的计算和统计,结合平均偏差得到超差界限,对非气象意义的误差或错误情况进行统计分析,形成客观定量化的观测质量信息。该方法实现并应用于实际业务中,能够全方位评价高空报文质量,能够间接发现数据处理方法及仪器设备中存在的各种问题,有利于探空仪器的改进和算法的完善。

Quality monitoring, controlling, and evaluating of radisonde data have important influence on the study of upper-air observations, which is an important problem need to be solved urgently for meteorological researchers. The method to study the data quality is introduced, and assessment is conducted on the monitoring and controlling of the original data from the aspects of integrity, timeliness, and accuracy. According to the preliminary estimated data of the National Meteorological Center, the monthly average deviation and standard deviation of all radisonde stations are calculated, and the left and right ultra-poor boundaries are obtained by combining with the average standard deviation of each station. The errors of non-meteorological significance are calculated and analyzed to form the external and quantitative quality information and scientific report. The method was implemented and applied in practice, and achieved good results, which could effectively, comprehensively evaluate the quality of radiosonde data. Problems in the data processing method and equipment could be indirectly found by analyzing and studying the radiosonde data, which was advantageous to improve the equipment and algorithm.