雷达探测高空大气等离子体波形设计与仿真

Optimized Design and Simulation of Waveform for Radar to Upper Atmospheric Plasma Probe

电离层非相干散射雷达能够对多种电离层等离子体重要参数同时进行测量,测量区域可覆盖从六十公里到两千公里左右的高度范围,探测目标为电离层中的电子和离子,但回波信号非常微弱。为了从非相干散射雷达微弱的回波功率谱中提取电离层有效参数,探测波形的选择和设计有着极其重要的作用。分析了非相干散射雷达工作原理及波形设计原则,并以巴克码、长脉冲编码两种波形为例,对波形选择和设计方法、信号处理算法等进行了仿真,对比分析了两种编码方式的优缺点。计算机仿真结果表明巴克码抗噪声性能比长脉冲的强,更有利于弱信号探测,并可为雷达实际探测参数选择提供依据。

Software Defined Incoherent Scatter Radar can measure a variety of ionospheric plasma parameters, at the same time, the measurement area can cover the height range from 60 km to about two thousand km, the main purpose is to detect the electrons and ions in the ionosphere, as the echo spectrum power is very weak. The selection and design of the detected waveform are crucial when we want to effectively extract the ionospheric parameters from incoherent scatter radar faint echo power spectrum. This paper analyzes the basic theory and waveform design principles of incoherent scatter radar, and takes the Barker Code and Long Pulse Code waveform as an example, simulates the waveform selection, design methods and signal processing algorithms, compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the two coding modes. The results of computer simulation show that the Barker Code has stronger antinoise performance than the Long Pulse Code, it is more conducive to detect weak signal, and can provide basis for the selection of parameters for the actual radar detection.