碳货币本位体系的演化及其构建研究

Study on the Construction and Evolution of Carbon Monetary Standard System

环境治理的全球性使得碳排放权成为国际贸易货币的可能性越来越大,碳货币体系不仅是解决气候变化带来的环境问题的有效途径之一,碳货币的演化过程也体现着碳货币成为国际货币的内在机理。文章首先分析了碳排放权的信用本质,指出碳排放权由于具备信用支撑、获得普遍认可以及可计量而具备成为货币的条件。并分析了碳货币形成的四个外部动因,指出国际货币体系改革以及碳货币的多元化是其国际化进程的主要推动力。然后,剖析了碳货币实施的可行性,并指出碳本位体系的演化路径分为两个阶段,即碳排放权的货币化和国际化。最后从可再生能源、国际交易市场以及碳排放分配制度角度给出了构建碳货币本位体系的建议。

The possibility that carbon emission right is going to be an international trade currency is bigger and bigger because of global environmental management. Carbon currency system is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of the environment caused by climate change. The paper first analyzes the credit essence of carbon emission rights and points out that carbon emission right matures the condition of becoming currency, because it has credit support, and can be widely accepted and measured. It then analyzes the four external reasons that carbon currency needs, and shows that the reform of international monetary system and the diversification of carbon currency are the main drivers of its internationalization; the carbon-standardizedevolution path includes two stages, namely the monetization and internationalization of carbon emissions rights. Finally from three perspectives the paper gives suggestions for how to build the carbon monetary standard system.