云南干热区花椰菜菌核病菌生物学特性研究

Study on Biological Characteristics of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Cauliflower in Dry and Hot Area of Yunnan

菌核病为云南干热区花椰菜制繁种生产上主要病害之一，研究了病害的科学防治对采自该区的花椰菜菌核病菌菌株生物学特性。结果表明：病原菌能不同程度地利用多种碳、氮源，其中以葡萄糖和蛋白胨分别为最佳碳源和氮源。病原菌丝在12—36℃、pH3～11条件下均能生长，最适生长温度为28℃，最适生长pH为5．5；24h光照有利于病原菌营养体生长；菌丝、菌核分别在55℃和70℃的水浴温度中10min后死亡。

Sclerotinia is one of the main diseases of cauliflower in dry and hot area of Yunnan. In order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of this disease, we studied the biological characteristics of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in cauliflower collected from dry and hot area of Yunnan. The results showed that S. sclerotiorum could inordinately use various carbon sources and nitrogen sources, and glucose and peptone were the best carbon source and the best nitrogen source respectively. The myeelia of this pathogen could grow under the conditions of 12～ 36 ℃ and pH 3 ～ 11, and the optimum temperature and pH-value for mycelial growth were 28 ℃ and 5.5 respectively. The 24-h illumination was beneficial to the growth of vegetative body of this pathogen. The 10-min lethal temperature for the myeelia and selerotium of S. sclerotiorum was 55℃ and 70 ℃ separately.