厦门翔安区2014年-2015年环境H7N9禽流感病原监测结果分析

Analysis etiological surveillance result of avian influenza H7N9 during 2014-2015 in Xiang'an district of Xiamen

目的分析2014年-2015年冬春季厦门翔安区环境H7N9禽流感病原监测情况,了解病毒在环境中的分布情况,为防控和预警提供参考。方法 2014年11月-2015年4月,选择该地区不同场所,按月采集不同种类环境标本,采用real-time RT-PCR方法对标本进行禽流感病毒特异性核酸检测。结果共采集环境标本189份,A型禽流感检出52份(27.51%),H7N9亚型检出17份(8.99%);3月病毒分离检出率最高,A型为50.00%,H7N9为20.00%;活禽市场检出率A型为30.32%,H7N9亚型为10.97%;粪便、笼具表面物和水标本检出率,A型分别为31.88%、17.39%和14.29%,H7N9亚型分别为11.59%、4.35%和0.00%,差异有统计学意义。结论翔安区2014年-2015年冬季、春季外环境存在H7N9亚型等禽流感病毒流行,但H7N9亚型不是优势株(32.69%)。最大病毒分离高峰出现在3月。活禽市场是人感染H7N9亚型的高风险场所。粪便和笼具表面物拭子标本的分离检出率较高,应加强监测。

Objective To analyze the etiological surveillance result of avian influenza H7N9 in winter and spring during 2014-2015 in Xiang＇an district of Xiamen,and to study the distribution of H7N9 in environment,so as to provide references for prevention,control and warning. Methods Samples were collected from different kind of places from November 2014 to April2015 monthly,and the specific nucleotide sequences of avian influenza virus were detected by real- time RT- PCR method.Results A total of 189 samples were collected,and 52 samples were flu A type（ 27. 51%）,17 samples were H7N9 subtype（ 8. 99%）; the max detection rate of flu A type and H7N9 subtype were 50. 00% and 20. 00% in March 2015; the rates of flu A and H7N9 subtype in live avian markets were 30. 32% and 10. 97%; in avian faeces,cages and water,the detection rates of flu A type were respectively 31. 88%,17. 39% and 14. 29%,those of H7N9 subtype were respectively 11. 59%,4. 35% and0. 00%,and there was statistical significance on the differences among them. Conclusion Avian influenza virus including H7N9 subtype prevailed in external environment of Xiang＇an district,but H7N9 subtype was not the main type（ 32. 69%）. The max detection rate appeared in March 2015. Live avian markets were the high risk places for infection by H7N9 subtype. Avian faeces and cages isolate specimen were with high detection rates,which should be surveyed increasingly.