肇庆地区桂皮中重金属污染调查及其风险分析研究

The investigation and risk analysis of heavy metal pollution in cinnamon in Zhaoqing

目的调查肇庆地区桂皮种植区域的重金属污染情况和污染水平,同时初步评估其暴露风险,为桂皮重金属风险监控和重金属污染治理提供数据支持。方法采用原子吸收法和原子荧光法对肇庆地区桂皮种植基地的桂皮、土壤和水中铅、镉、铬等9种重金属以及有毒元素砷进行了调查。结果桂皮中重金属污染主要集中在铅元素和镉元素,超标率分别为12.82%和48.72%。土壤中铅、镉、铬、汞和镍5种元素均有超标现象,国家标准中未做出规定的锑和锰也均有检出。所抽取的39个灌溉水样品中,铅、镉、铬、铜、汞、锌6种元素和有毒元素的含量均符合GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅰ类水的规定限量。结论肇庆桂皮种植地区灌溉水水质良好,但桂皮受到铅、镉、锌3种重金属元素污染;在所有土壤抽样点中,污染级别主要集中在轻度污染和中度污染。相关部门需引起重视。

Objective To investigate the status and levels of heavy metal pollution in cinnamon planting area,to evaluate the exposure risk,so as to provide data support for the supervising and control of heavy metals risk in cinnamon and the management of heavy metals pollution. Methods 9 kinds of heavy metals from cinnamon,soil and water in Zhaoqing planting base such as lead,cadmium,chromium and arsenic toxic elements were investigated using atomic absorption and atomic fluorescence. Results The heavy metal pollution in cinnamon mainly concentrated in Pb and Cd,exceed the standard rate were 12. 82% and48. 72%. The 5 elements of lead,cadmium,chromium,mercury and nickel in soil were all over standard,and no provisions in the national standards for antimony and manganese were also detected. In the 39 irrigation water samples,the 6 elements of lead,cadmium,chromium,copper,mercury and zinc were in accordance with the provisions of category Ⅰ water of GB 3838—2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water. Conclusion The quality of irrigation water of cinnamon planting are of Zhaoqing was good,but cinnamon was polluted by lead,cadmium,zinc 3 kinds of heavy metals; in all soil sampling points,pollution level mainly concentrated in the mild and moderate pollution. Relevant departments need to pay attention to.