辽河流域棉区棉花纤维发育进程研究

Research on Cotton Fiber Development Process in Liaohe Basin

为明确辽河流域棉区棉花纤维品质主要指标的发育进程,及其相互作用的方式。以辽河流域棉区的主栽品种‘辽棉19号’和较早引进的抗虫棉品种‘AC-33B’为试材,开花当日挂花标记,花后第9、15、21、27、33、39、45、51天(间隔6天)连续取样。测定各样本纤维品质的5个主要指标——上半部平均长度、断裂比强度、马克隆值、整齐度和伸长率。比较各指标的发育情况、各指标间的相关系数,并形成模拟模型。除马克隆值对环境因素较为敏感外,其余各指标的发育都呈"S"型曲线,且2个品种趋势相近。但2个品种各性状指标之间的作用方式不同。同时,纤维品质各指标的发育具有高度的一致性和相关性,其中纤维的伸长发育占主导地位。棉纤维的植株停留时间应在40天以上,但是棉花"过成熟"不利于获得较优的纤维品质。

To identify cotton fiber quality development process and indexes interactions in Liaohe Basin, we took the main planted cotton cuhivar ‘Liaomian 19＇ and earlier introduced insect resistant cotton cultivar‘AC-33B＇ as test materials, labeled flowers in blooming day, conducted continuous sampling on the 9th, 15th, 21st, 27th, 33rd, 39th, 45th, 51st （6 days interval） day after blooming. The main fiber quality indexes were detected, such as fiber length, strength, mieronair, elongation and uniformity. The developing condition and correlation coefficient of each index were compared, and then simulation models were formed. Except that mieronaire values were more sensitive to environmental factors, the development process of the rest indexes presented a ＂S＂ curve, and two euhivars had similar trends. But the interaction methods between each index of the 2 cuhivars were different. At the same time, the development of every index was highly consistent and relevant; the fiber elongation development was the dominant. Cotton fiber should stay in plant more then 40 days, but over-maturing was not conducive to obtaining high quality cotton fiber.