摘要
众所周知,西方饮食文化最突出的特征之一就是分餐制和AA制,由此来看其饮食文化与以中国为主导的东方饮食文化差异显著。这些差异也体现了两种文化对个人与集体关系的看法与处理方式不同。西方文化是以个人主义为主体的文化,而东方文化是以集体主义为导向的文化。民以食为天,东西方文化的差异会自然地反映到饮食文化以及相应的行为方式上。本文从个人主义和集体主义文化谈起,探源个人主义文化的社会和经济发展背景,解释其文化内涵,进而分析分餐制和AA制的个人主义文化根源。从探索个人主义文化的角度出发诠释东西方饮食文化深层的集体主义和个人主义文化根基;揭示两种不同饮食文化与各自的社会价值观的相互作用,从而方便读者了解东西方文化在饮食文化方面的差异,进而理解两种文化的根本区别。
Two of the most distinguishable characteristics of Western dining cultures are individual serving and paying one' s own expenses or "Going Dutch". From this stand point, Western dining cultures are very different from that of the East. These differences are closely associate with individualistic and collective cultures and the way people relate to others. Western cuhures are more individualistic while Asian cultures are more collective. A dining culture is at the outer layer of a culture that expresses the deeper values and norms of that culture and society.
This paper discusses individualism and collectivism, the origin of individualistic culture, its develop- ment under European historical, social and economic changes. It explains the cultural values relating to the practice of individual serving and paying one' s underpinning individualistic own expenses. Comparisons will be made with Asian cultures in similar situations. It aims to reveal some of the underlining cuhural differences, expressed through dining etiquettes, between Asia and the West. A better understanding of both individualistic and collective societies and their cultures is envisaged .
出处
《楚雄师范学院学报》
2015年第10期17-22,共6页
Journal of Chuxiong Normal University
关键词
个人主义文化
集体主义文化
分餐制
AA制
Individualism
Collectivism
Individual serving
Paying one ' s own expenses
Underpin- ning cultural values