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中大地震应力降的全球变化

Global variations of stress drop for moderate to large earthquakes
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摘要 使用1990年至2007年期间约2000个mb≥5.5地震来研究地震应力降的全球变化。根据卷积模型使用迭代最小二乘法从传播路径和检波器的贡献中分离出震源位移谱。用全球平均经验校正谱和近源衰减的估计值来校正所观测到的P波震源谱。假定为Brune型的震源模型,我们估计拐角频率并计算应力降。单个地震应力降估计的范围从0.3到50MPa,但约为4MPa的中值应力降不会随地震矩变化,意味着我们数据中Mw-5.2到8.3范围内的地震具有自相似性。我们的结果与以往研究结果的比较在大部分仪器可观测震级范围均证实了这种观测事实。虽然应力降估计的绝对值取决于假定的震源模型,但我们识别出应力降的相对区域变化,相对于处理参数和模拟假设来说是合理的,其中包括恒定破裂速度的固有假设。我们发现平均应力降对震源机制的依赖关系,走滑型地震的应力降是平均应力降的3—5倍,也发现板内地震的应力降比板间地震的应力降高2倍。
出处 《世界地震译丛》 2015年第3期219-246,共28页 Translated World Seismology
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