农地抵押地方“试错”的证成、限制与出路

Justification, Restriction and Way-out of Local “Trial-and-Error” for Farmland Mortgage

在中国《物权法》采纳物权法定原则的大背景下,各地展开的农地抵押探索活动,实质上是一种渐进式"试错"行为。农地抵押地方"试错"行为与法治建设并不相悖,这是其存在的正当性依据,而农地财产功能的挖掘、农村内生金融之构建,也呼吁该种"试错"行为出现。农地抵押地方"试错"行为并非没有局限,需要在"试错"的主体、程序、期限等方面受到限制。在具体的农地抵押地方"试错"行为中,应扭转对财政的过分倚重,适度放开农地抵押参与主体,通过完善农村产权交易市场,充分挖掘农地财产功能,推动农地抵押实质性进展。

In the context of China＇s Property Law accepting the numerous clausus principles, the exploratory activities of farmland mortgage carried out in various regions are in essence the kind of gradual＂trial-and-error＂behavior. The local ＂trial-and-error＂ behavior for farmland mortgage is not inconsistent with the rule of law, which is the legitimacy basis of its existence. The digging of the functions of farmland property and the construction of rural endogenous finance also call for this kind of ＂trial-and-error＂ behavior. The local ＂trial-and-error＂ behavior for farmland mortgage is by no means limitless, so it is necessary to limit the ＂trial-and-error＂ behavior from such aspects as subject, procedure, time limit and so on. In the specific local ＂trial and error＂ behaviors for farmland mortgage, the local governments should not be overly dependent on finance but moderately expand the main participation body of farmland mortgage. They should improve the trading markets for rural property rights and further dig out the functions of farmland property, so as to promote the substantial development of farmland mortgage.