“家法”与“方法”——“新文化运动”时期胡适的学术观念考辨

Convention and Method——An Inquiry of Hu Shi's Academic Ideas During the New Culture Movement

胡适一生推崇"科学方法",但对其理论内涵与适用范围的界定,甚至阐释方式本身,都并非一成不变,而是根据发言对象、时代诉求以及胡适在各个阶段的位置感与历史感的差异而有所不同。具体到"新文化运动"时期,便首先体现为他对于"家法"与"方法"的调适与辩证。胡适对于其学术观念的表达,在本质上是一种新的历史主体与主体性的历史叙述的双重建构。

＂Scientific method＂ was endorsed by Hu Shi throughout his life, but this does not mean that his definitions of its theoretic implications, ranges of application, even the hermeneutic method itself were consistent. In fact, it had multiple meanings changing with the different people he was addressing, the different time and situation he was in, as well as his different senses of time and position in the various stages of his life. Speaking of the New Culture Movement, his adjustment and dialectics of ＂convention （jiafa）＂ and ＂method （fangfa）＂ came to the fore. Hu Shi＇s discourse of his academic ideas is essentially a double construction of a new historical subject and subjectivity concerning historical narration.