“豆棚瓜架”下的“姑妄言之”——《聊斋志异》题诗与周作人思想关系考释

An Investigation of the Relationship between Zhou Zuoren's Thoughts and A Poem Inscribed on the Postscript of Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio

清初文人王士祯为《聊斋志异》题写的一首七绝诗(简称"聊斋题诗"),是周作人屡次援引的古典文学资源,这一"聊斋情结"被其弟子废名或明或晦地记录于《枣》《桥》等小说中。对"聊斋题诗"背后的资源传统及其与周作人思想的复杂关联加以考释,可以见出周作人研究中尚未被充分关注的若干面向。通过对"聊斋题诗"所蕴藏的"传统"进行挪用和发明,周作人以期确立并坚守自由主义立场,并不断对迷信、道统、科学崇拜等思维禁锢,以及权威、主流等思想统制加以警惕和批判,由此回应新文化人的启蒙理想。

Wang Shizhen, a famous scholar in the early Qing Dynasty, inscribed a seven-character quatrain to Pu Songling＇s Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio （Liaochai Ti Shi）. The poem was quoted frequently by Zhou Zuoren, whose Liaochai Complex was either spelt explicitly or hinted at in his disciple Fei Ming＇s fictions Jujube 《枣》 and Bridge 《桥》. This paper investigates the tradition underlying Liaochai Ti Shi and the poem＇s complicated role in Zhou Zuoren＇s thoughts, in an attempt to reveal some neglected aspects of Zhou Zuoren Studies. Through incorporating and adapting the tradition behind Liaochai Ti Shi in his own works, Zhou Zuoren established and defended a liberal ground that warned against mental fetters including superstition, Confucian orthodoxy, worship of sciences, and the domineering authority of mainstream ideas. Thus he responded to the enlightenment ideal of his New Cultural compatriots.