微小RNA与肺发育及肺相关疾病的研究进展

Study progress of microRNAs in lung development and pulmonary diseases

微小RNA（miRNA）是一种内源性小分子RNA，以mRNAs为目标发挥转录后基因调控作用。随着对其认识的加深，人们发现miRNAs参与各种基础生物学过程，包括正常组织与器官的生长发育，也参与疾病的病理过程。不同的组织器官涉及不同的miRNAs，同一种miRNAs在不同组织器官或疾病中表达不同。现就近年来miRNAs在肺发育及肺相关疾病方面的研究进展进行综述。

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a class of small endogenous RNAs, which handle post- transcriptional gene regulation activity through targeting messenger RNAs. As the deep understanding of them, miRNAs had been found to participate in numerous basic biological processes,including the normal growth process of tissues and organs, as well as the pathologic course of diseases. Different miRNAs may be involved in different tissues and organs, the same miRNA may have different expression in various physiological process or stages of pathological conditions. Now, the recent studies about the miRNAs in the lung development and pulmonary diseases were reviewed.