硼酸三甲酯反应及分离工艺研究进展

The Progress of Trimethyl Borate Reaction and Separation

硼酸三甲酯是一种重要的有机硼酸酯,其用途广泛,是高能硼基燃料、硼烷、高级硼酸酯及高纯硼的基本原料,特别是硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾等硼氢酸盐的关键中间体,还可作为木材防腐剂、催化剂、焊接助溶剂等。文章对硼酸三甲酯的反应及分离工艺进行了综述、比较和总结。在以上方法中,由于硼酸比较便宜,且硼酸与甲醇酯化反应的产物较易分离。因此,硼酸与甲醇直接反应法是工业生产的主要方法。由于该工艺存在废水酸度高以及生产效率低等问题,不符合当今绿色化工的发展趋势。因此,开发绿色、高效硼酸三甲酯的生产技术显得尤为重要。

Trimethyl borate is one of important organic boric acid esters and has been widely used as synthetic precursor for producing high energy boron-based fuels, boron hydride, long-chain boric acid ester, and high-purity boron. Specially, it is key intermediate for producing sodium borohydride and potassium borohydride. In addition, it can be used as wood-corrosion preventive compounds, catalyst, solder assistant, and so on. In the paper, the reaction and separation process of trimethyl borate were reviewed, compared and summarized. In the above method, the boric acid is cheaper, and the product of boric acid and methanol esterification reaction more easily separated. Therefore, boric acid and methanol direct reaction method is the main method of industrial production. Because of the high acidity waste water and low production efficiency, the method does not conform to the current development trend of green chemical industry. Therefore, the development of the green, efficient trimethyl borate production technology is particularly important.