基于RS/GIS的土地石漠化时空变化趋势研究

Research on temporal and spatial variation of land rocky desertification based on RS/GIS

石漠化是制约中国西南部发展的一种生态灾害,它引起水资源短缺、土地生产力下降、并加快了区域贫困的进程。只有充分认识石漠化的现状,掌握其发展趋势,才能制定有效的治理措施,缩小区域贫富差距,促进社会的和谐和稳定。广西平果县具有显著的喀斯特地貌,自1995年起铝业发展迅速,平果县也逐渐成长为"中国西部百强县",高速的经济发展更易对本身具有喀斯特地貌的脆弱生态环境造成破坏。使用RS和GIS技术对1994年、2000年、2009年的TM影像处理,提取计算出植被覆盖率、土壤裸露率,得到石漠化分级图。分析平果县近些年裸岩石漠化的面积变化及其变化产生的原因,并提出石漠化治理的措施。

Rocky desertification is a kind of ecological disaster which restricts the development of Southwest China. It has caused water shortage, decreased land productivity, and accelerated the process of regional poverty. Only by fully understanding the status quo of rocky desertification, grasping the development trend, we can make effective management measures, narrow the gap between rich and poor, and promote social harmony and stability. Pingguo Guangxi county has a significant Karst landform, since 1995 the rapid development of aluminum industry, Pingguo county has gradually grown into a hundred counties in Western China, the rapid economic development of Karst Province, more easily to the fragile ecological environment caused by damage to the environment. Using RS and TM technology in 1994, 2000, 2009, GIS image processing, extracting the vegetation cover rate, soil bare rate, get the stone desertification grading map. Analysis of the changes in the area of bare rocky desertification in Pingguo County in recent years, and the reasons for the changes in the area, and put forward the measures of the treatment of rocky desertification.