基于基因型值的黄灯笼辣椒核心种质遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of Capsicum chinense Jacquin core collection based on genotypic values

【目的】对黄灯笼辣椒核心种质进行遗传多样性分析,为黄灯笼辣椒种质资源的高效利用奠定基础。【方法】以43份黄灯笼辣椒核心种质为材料,对其10个农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析;并基于基因型值对性状间的相关性和种质间的亲缘关系进行分析。【结果】43份黄灯笼辣椒核心种质的10个农艺性状表型值变化幅度较大,其极差值均明显高于平均值,尤其是株高、叶宽、果纵径、果肉厚表现最明显;10个农艺性状的变异系数以单果重最高,为0.43,叶柄长次之,为0.38;10个农艺性状的多样性指数为3.67～3.73,存在丰富的遗传多样性。相关分析结果表明,株高与株幅、叶长间呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01,下同）,叶长与叶宽、叶宽与果横径及单果重与果柄长、果纵径、果横径间均呈极显著正相关;叶柄长与叶长、果纵径呈显著正相关（P〈0.05,下同）,果纵径与果柄长呈显著正相关。聚类分析结果表明,43份种质间遗传距离为1.84～12.14,其遗传差异较大;在标定距离为9.50时,43份黄灯笼辣椒核心种质可聚为8大类群,其中第1、3、5、6、7和8类群仅包括1份国内或国外的种质,这些种质与其他种质亲缘关系较远。【结论】供试黄灯笼辣椒核心种质存在丰富的遗传变异,其中CCJ120、CCJ60、CCJ96、CCJ55、CCJ134和CCJ85等6份种质可用于育种亲本材料选择和杂种优势利用研究。

[Objective]The present study was conducted to analyze genetic diversity of Capsicum chinense Jacquin core collection in order to promote the efficient use of Capsicum chinense Jacquin germplasm. [Method]By taking 43 accessions of Capsicum chinense Jacquin core germplasm as tested materials, the genetic diversity of 10 agronomic traits was analyzed. The correlation amongst 10 agronomic traits and genetic relationship amongst these germplasm were also analyzed based on genotypie values. [Result]The phenotypic values of the 10 agronomic traits varied very large, their range were higher than the average significantly, especially for plant height, leaf width, fruit length and flesh thickness. The variable coefficient of single fruit weight among 10 traits was found to be the highest as 0.43, followed by leaf petiole （0.38）. The diversity index of 10 traits ranged from 3.67 to 3.73, indicating that they had abundant genetic diversity. Furthermore, the plant height was very significantly positively correlated with plant breadth and leaf length, and the leaf length also found to be very significantly positively correlated with leaf width and fruit width. It also found that single fruit weight had a very significantly positive correlation with fruit peduncle, fruit width and fruit length. The significantly positive correlation was found between petiole length and leaf length, petiole length and fruit length, fruit length and fruit peduncle. The genetic distance amongst 43 core accessions ranged from 1.84 to 12.14, indicating that their genetic variations were large. The core collections were clustered into 8 groups with the rescaled distance of 9.50. The first, third, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth group only included 1 material, showing that the 6 materials Were distantly related with the others. [ Conclusion ] The tested Capsicum chinense Jacquin core collection had abundant genetic variation, six core materials viz., CCJ120, CCJ60, CCJ96, CCJ55, CCJ134 and CCJ85 could be used to study parent material selection and heterosis utilization.