利用铁皮石斛原球茎进行组培快繁

Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Dendroium officinale Kimura et Migo protocorm-lick bodies(PLBs)

【目的】利用铁皮石斛原球茎（PLB）扩繁植株进行组培苗生产,为其工厂化组培育苗提供参考依据。【方法】以桂斛1号、桂斛2号、野生青杆和野生红杆4个铁皮石斛品种的茎尖为试验材料,分别在适宜的培养基上进行原球茎诱导、增殖和分化培养,同时对种子进行愈伤分化培养,探讨不同扩繁植株组培方法对其增殖速度、出苗率、变异率及栽培表现的影响。【结果】铁皮石斛茎尖诱导形成原球茎扩繁植株的出苗率高达89.7%～95.3%;每个球茎经过10个增殖周期培养增殖至14953个;变异率可控制在1.1%～1.7%。种子繁殖的植株其茎尖愈伤组织诱导率、出苗率最高达90.7%;每粒种子经过10个周期增殖培养,原躯体数增殖至4000个;变异率为7.9%～10.3%;栽培表现比经原球茎方式培养的植株差。【结论】利用铁皮石斛原球茎进行工厂化育苗可快速获得铁皮石斛优质种苗。

[Objective]In order to provide references for industrializing production of tissue culture plantlets of Dendroium otticinale Kimura et Migo, D. officinale were propagated by culturing protocorm-liek bodies （PLBs） tissue in vitro. [Method]Using four varieties of D. officinale viz., Guihu 1, Guihu 2, wild green bar, wild red bar as materials, their shoot tips were induced into PLBs and cultured to proliferate and differentiate in optimum medium. Meanwhile, the effects of different tissue culture methods on multiplication rate, planflet rate, variation rate and planting performance were studied. [Result]The results showed that when inducing shoot tips into PLBs, the plantlet rate was up to 89.7%-95.3%. A PLB could multiply into 14953 after 10 multiplying cycles. And the variation rate ranged from 1.1% to 1.7%. However, the shoot-tip callus induction rate and plantlet rate of plants propagated by seed were all up to 90.7%. Beside, a seed grew into 4000 protoeorms after 10 proliferation cycles, the mutation rate ranged from 7.9% to 10.3%, and the performance of plantlets propagated by seed was worse than that of plantlets obtained by culturing PLBs in vitro. [Conclusion]The D. officinale plantlets propagated by culturing PLBs in vitro can be used for raising high-quality seedlings in industrial scale.