油松不同种源种子萌发特性

Seed Germination Characteristics of Different Provenances of Pinus tabulaeformis

为了研究油松种源的遗传变异,确定种子调拨区划,为开展高世代育种提供遗传基础广泛且品质优良的育种群体。从油松分布区5个种子区内的种子园、母树林和人工林(对照)收集种源30份,分析了不同种源种子特性的差异。结果表明,不同种源种子在长、宽、千粒质量、饱满率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、发芽时间和圃地发芽率间差异均显著;种子的长宽、千粒质量、发芽率、发芽速度基本符合地理变异规律;发芽指数与饱满率、发芽率、发芽势及圃地发芽率均相关,千粒质量仅与种子长和种子宽正相关;根据油松种源种子的发芽指数,河北平泉(种子园、母树林、人工林)、甘肃省正宁县、河北阜平县和山西隰县人工林种源的萌发表现最佳。

Genetic variations of Pinus tabulaeforrnis provenances were studied to determine seed allocation zones, and more importantly, to provide genetic basis widely and good quality breeding population for high generation. There were 30 provenances of Pinus tabulaeformis including seed orchard, seed production stand and planted forest （controls） from five seed zones. Seed length, width, thousand seed weight, seed plumpness, germination rate, germination potential, germination index, germination time and nursery germination rate were analyzed. The results showed that differences between different provenances in seed length, seed width, thousand seed weight, seed plumpness, germination rate, germination potential, ger- mination index, germination time and nursery germination rate were significant. Seed length, seed width, thousand seed weight, germination rate, germination time were largely in line with the geographic varia- tion law. Germination indices were positively correlated with seed plumpness, germination rate, germina- tion potential and nursery germination rate; thousand seed weight were positive correlated with seed length and seed width. According to seed germination index of P. tabulaeformis, provenances Pingquan of Hebei （seed orchard, seed production stand and planted forest）, Zhengning of Gansu, Fuping of Hebei and Xixian of Shanxi performed excellently.