以色列奶业政策分析及对我国的启示

Dairy Industry Policy Analysis and the Enlightenment to Our Country of Israel

以色列自建国以来,奶业发展迅速,取得了举世瞩目的成绩。在奶业发展过程中,奶业政策起到了至关重要的作用。以色列奶业政策具有政策目标明确、政策制定实施体系完整、政策手段丰富,绿箱、黄箱政策并存的特点。以色列对牛奶的关税保护水平非常高,在1999年甚至达到了60%以上。随着以色列农业政策的改革,牛奶的关税保护水平也在逐步降低,2012年降到了35%左右,下降了一半,但与经合组织(OECD)国家平均水平相比,仍高出三倍之多。值得中国借鉴的是:保护政策目标明确,一段时间内稳定;政策手段丰富、稳定;有强有力的执行机构。

Since the founding of Israel, the rapid development of dairy industry has made remarkable achievements. In the dairy development process, dairy policy has played a crucial role. Be analyzed from the Israeli dairy policy goals, measures and results in three areas, the Israeli dairy policy has a clear policy objectives, policy makers implement a complete system, rich policy instruments, green box, yellow box policy coexistence characteristics. Israel＇s protection level milk is very high, even in 1999 reached more than 60%. With the reform of agricultural policies in Israel, the level of protection of milk is gradually reduced, in 2012 dropped to about 35 percent, dropped by half. Although there has been some decline, but with the OECD average to more than, or as much as three times higher. China can learn is： protection policy objectives clear, stable over time; policy means rich, stable; there is a strong enforcement agency.