豚鼠内耳前庭-半规管生物力学模型研究

BIOMECHANICAL MODEL OF THE VETIBULE AND SEMICIRCULAR CANALS OF GUINEA PIG

人体维持平衡主要依靠前庭、视觉及本体感觉3个系统的相互协调来完成,其中前庭系统最为重要.因其结构细微且位置深在,传统方法难以满足现代前庭医学定位、定性、定量的研究需要,而生物数值模拟研究方法在现代耳科学研究中优势显著.建立精准的生物数值模型是其重点之一.本研究通过连续组织切片技术获取豚鼠内耳膜性结构的二维解剖数据,进一步建立同时包括前庭和3个半规管的宏观三维生物数值模型,其空间结构特征及尺寸与解剖学观察一致;数值模拟临床医学冷热实验,量化描述了不同环境温度激励下半规管内壶腹嵴顶位移、速度和压强等参数随时间变化的生物力学特征,其与临床观察到的眼震结果一致.总之,通过连续组织切片技术获取内耳膜性结构二维解剖数据并据此建立内耳三维生物数值模型的研究方法可行,所建立的生物模型可满足前庭-半规管平衡功能定位、定性、定量的研究需要.

The vestibular system, the most important organ to maintain the human body balance, involves three systems,including the vestibular, visual and proprioception. Because of its fine structure and deep location of the vestibule and the three semicircular canals, the traditional method was difficult to meet the positioning, qualitative and quantitative research of modern vestibular medicine, while biological numerical simulation has the advantages in modern otology, in which it is important to establish an accurate biological numerical model. Based on two-dimensional anatomical data of guinea pig inner ear by serial tissue sections, three-dimensional biological numerical model of the vestibular system containing the vestibule and the three semicircular canals was established and the spatial structure and size of the model was consistent with the anatomic observation. Furthermore, numerical simulation of the caloric test was carried out on the model and biomechanical characteristics of top of semicircular canal crest were described quantitatively with the parameters including displacement, velocity and pressure under the different environment temperature excitation and the results were in agreement with the clinical observation. In short, it was feasible to reconstruct a biological numerical model of the vestibular system based on the two-dimensional anatomical data by continuous tissue slicing technique and the biological model meets the needs of positioning, qualitative and quantitative research of the vestibular and semicircular canals balance function.