陕西省苹果重金属污染现状分析与评价

Analysis and Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Apples Produced in Shanxi Province

为了解陕西省苹果中重金属污染状况，评价其食用健康风险。对采自陕西省21个苹果布点县的106个样品进行了Pb、Cd、Ni、As4种重金属元素的含量测定和相关性分析，通过污染指数法和重金属暴露评估对人体的健康风险进行了系统评价。结果表明：Pb、Cd、Ni、As4种重金属元素的平均值分别为25．09μg/g、0．73μg/g、91．68μg／kg和6．83μg／kg；具有显著正相关关系的是Pb和Cd，Cd和As，相关系数分别为0．405和0．222；具有显著负相关关系的是Pb和Ni，相关系数为-0．29；3；4种重金属元素污染水平由高到低依次为：Ni〉Pb〉As〉Cd；风险评估结果表明，来自陕西省21个苹果布点县苹果产品中的重金属风险商均小于100％。通过食用苹果所摄入的重金属，其含量基本不会对人体产生健康风险。

The study was designed to understand the pollution status of heavy metal in the apple samples produced in Shaanxi and to evaluate the health risk. 106 samples produced in 21 different regions of Shaanxi province were collected to detect the contents and analysis the correlation of heavy metals （including Pb, Cd, Ni and As）. The possible health risk for human was assessed by the methods of pollution index and exposure assessment. The results showed that the average of the contents ofPb, Cd, Ni and As was 25.09 ~tg/kg, 0.73 ~tg/kg, 91.68 ~tg/kg and 6.83~tg/kg, respectively; There was significant correlation between Pb and Cd and that of Cd and As. The correlation coefficient was 0.405 and 0.222 respectively. There existed a significantly positive correlation between Pb and Ni with the correlation coefficient of-0.293. The average content of four metal elements for pollution index in descending order is Ni〉Pb〉As〉Cd. Risk assessment results showed that the daily intake of four heavy metals from the apples produced in Shaanxi was safe, and the risk index was all under 100%.