摘要
汉语史上迄今共出现过五个倚变句式。早期的倚变句式是"弥A弥B"和"愈A愈B";西汉时期出现"益A益B"式;中古时期又出现"转A转B"式。唐代开始,语言系统开始对多种语言形式表达同一语义的句式进行调整:"弥A弥B"式开始消亡,宋代明显减少;"愈A愈B"式在很长的历史时期里占主要地位,到元代渐少;"益A益B"式越来越边缘化,元代基本消失,仅在书面性强的材料中偶尔出现;"转A转B"式的使用一直不够普遍,但直到清代还有用例。"越A越B"式在宋代出现,元明时期在口语中占主导地位。
The structures of ＂弥A弥B＂, ＂愈A愈B＂ are the two main ways to express dependent semantics in classic Chinese, but the former is rare in Tang Dynasty and the later is still the main one until Yuan dynasty. In Six Dynasties there appears a new structure＂益A益B＂and it is always a minor member and has almost disappeared in modern Chinese. Another new structure ＂转A转B＂ also appears in Six Dynasties and can be found till Qing Dynasty. The main structure in modern Chinese＂越A越B＂can be found in Song Dynasty.
基金
江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金项目"中古汉语语法体系研究:服务中古汉语语料库建设的语法理论研究"(项目编号:2012SJB740002)
关键词
汉语史
倚变句式
历时流变
historical Chinese
dependent structures
diachronic development
