初中毕业生学业考试的市域比较研究

The Research on Junior Middle School Students' Academic Examination Based on Comparison of Cities

初中毕业生学业考试是义务教育阶段的终结性考试,考试结果既是衡量学生是否达到毕业标准的主要依据,也是高中阶段学校招生的重要依据之一。本文梳理了全国各区域中考方案,从考试性质与功能、考试组织、考试要求、考试命题组织等九个方面进行了比较。研究发现,我国初中毕业生学业考试存在以下问题:"两考合一"考试性质难以体现两种水平的命题要求、科目过多、命题质量有待提高等。研究建议,可以采取将升学考试与毕业考试适度分离、减少考试科目、改革和完善命题制度、提升命题专业化等措施。

Junior middle school students＇ academic examination is the final test of compulsory education. The results are not only the main basis to judge whether the students are up to the graduation standard, but also one of the important basis of the high school enrollment. In this paper, we have carried out a comparison among nine aspects, such as the nature and function of the examination, the organization, the requirement, the proposition of the examination and so on. The study found that there are some problems in our Junior middle school students＇ academic examination ：＂two＂ is difficult to reflect the nature of the two levels of the proposition, the subjects of the examination are too many, the proposition quality needs to be improved, etc.. We propose that the measures of the entrance and graduation examination can be taken to moderate separation, reduce the examination subjects, reform and improve the system, improve the proposition of the professional and so on.